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# Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
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Creative Commons Corporation (“Creative Commons”) is not a law firm and does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of Creative Commons public licenses does not
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create a lawyer-client or other relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related information available on an “as-is” basis. Creative Commons gives no warranties
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regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their terms and conditions, or any related information. Creative Commons disclaims all liability for damages resulting from
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their use to the fullest extent possible.
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**Using Creative Commons Public Licenses**
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Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share original works of authorship and other
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material subject to copyright and certain other rights specified in the public license below. The following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not exhaustive,
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and do not form part of our licenses.
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* __Considerations for licensors:__ Our public licenses are intended for use by those authorized to give the public permission to use material in ways otherwise restricted by
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copyright and certain other rights. Our licenses are irrevocable. Licensors should read and understand the terms and conditions of the license they choose before applying it.
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Licensors should also secure all rights necessary before applying our licenses so that the public can reuse the material as expected. Licensors should clearly mark any material
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not subject to the license. This includes other CC-licensed material, or material used under an exception or limitation to
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copyright. [More considerations for licensors](http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors_and_licensees#Considerations_for_licensors).
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* __Considerations for the public:__ By using one of our public licenses, a licensor grants the public permission to use the licensed material under specified terms and conditions.
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If the licensor’s permission is not necessary for any reason–for example, because of any applicable exception or limitation to copyright–then that use is not regulated by the
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license. Our licenses grant only permissions under copyright and certain other rights that a licensor has authority to grant. Use of the licensed material may still be restricted
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for other reasons, including because others have copyright or other rights in the material. A licensor may make special requests, such as asking that all changes be marked or
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described. Although not required by our licenses, you are encouraged to respect those requests where
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reasonable. [More considerations for the public](http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors_and_licensees#Considerations_for_licensees).
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## Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License
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By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
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Public License ("Public License"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of
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these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms
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and conditions.
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### Section 1 – Definitions.
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a. __Adapted Material__ means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is
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translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this
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Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed
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relation with a moving image.
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b. __Adapter's License__ means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of
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this Public License.
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c. __Copyright and Similar Rights__ means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and
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Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not
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Copyright and Similar Rights.
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d. __Effective Technological Measures__ means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of
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the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.
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e. __Exceptions and Limitations__ means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed
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Material.
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f. __Licensed Material__ means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.
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g. __Licensed Rights__ means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply
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to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.
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h. __Licensor__ means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.
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i. __NonCommercial__ means not primarily intended for or directed towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation. For purposes of this Public License, the exchange of the
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Licensed Material for other material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights by digital file-sharing or similar means is NonCommercial provided there is no payment of monetary
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compensation in connection with the exchange.
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j. __Share__ means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public
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performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the
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material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.
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k. __Sui Generis Database Rights__ means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal
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protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
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l. __You__ means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. __Your__ has a corresponding meaning.
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### Section 2 – Scope.
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a. ___License grant.___
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1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to
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exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:
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A. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part, for NonCommercial purposes only; and
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B. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material for NonCommercial purposes only.
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2. __Exceptions and Limitations.__ For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply
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with its terms and conditions.
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3. __Term.__ The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).
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4. __Media and formats; technical modifications allowed.__ The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter
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created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical
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modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public
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License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.
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5. __Downstream recipients.__
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A. __Offer from the Licensor – Licensed Material.__ Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights
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under the terms and conditions of this Public License.
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B. __No downstream restrictions.__ You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed
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Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.
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6. __No endorsement.__ Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is,
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connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).
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b. ___Other rights.___
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1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the
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extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed
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Rights, but not otherwise.
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2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.
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3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society
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under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties, including when
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the Licensed Material is used other than for NonCommercial purposes.
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### Section 3 – License Conditions.
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Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.
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a. ___Attribution.___
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1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:
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A. retain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:
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i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by
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pseudonym if designated);
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ii. a copyright notice;
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iii. a notice that refers to this Public License;
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iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;
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v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;
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B. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and
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C. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.
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2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may
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be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.
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3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.
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4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.
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### Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.
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Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
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a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database for
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NonCommercial purposes only;
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b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis
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Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and
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c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.
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For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar
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Rights.
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### Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
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a. __Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations
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or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability,
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fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where
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disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.__
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b. __To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special,
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indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if
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the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may
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not apply to You.__
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c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute
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disclaimer and waiver of all liability.
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### Section 6 – Term and Termination.
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a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this
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Public License terminate automatically.
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b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:
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1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or
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2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.
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For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.
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c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however,
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doing so will not terminate this Public License.
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d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.
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### Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.
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a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.
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b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public
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License.
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### Section 8 – Interpretation.
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a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that
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could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.
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b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it
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enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.
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c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.
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d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including
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from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.
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> Creative Commons is not a party to its public licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of its public licenses to material it publishes and in those
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> instances will be considered the “Licensor.” Except for the limited purpose of indicating that material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as otherwise permitted
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> by the Creative Commons policies published at [creativecommons.org/policies](http://creativecommons.org/policies), Creative Commons does not authorize the use of the trademark
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> “Creative Commons” or any other trademark or logo of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized
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> modifications to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph
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> does not form part of the public licenses.
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>
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> Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org
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